Noise Mapping Due to Motor Vehicle Activities in The By-Pass Ring Road Area of The City of Kendari

The issue of traffic noise constitutes a critical concern and a pervasive transportation challenge in urban areas, primarily driven by the rapid growth of motorized vehicles. This is also stated by Shvetsov (2021) that the noise level in modern cities continues to increase every year, primarily attributed to motor vehicles on highways. At certain intensities, this auditory intrusion can detrimentally affect the well-being and comfort of people in settlements, as well as road users themselves. Recent data indicates an annualized growth rate of 3% in motorized vehicles over the past three years in Indonesia (Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, 2021). Paradoxically, this surge in vehicles is not proportionately matched by the development of the road infrastructure, with the road growth rate languishing at a mere 0.6% per annum (Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat, 2021).